I-Porosity ichaphazela kakhulu umgangatho kunye nokuqina kwei-aluminium die casting. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba amaxabiso e-elongation ahla kwiindawo ezinomonakalo ofihliweyo, ukudibanisa i-porosity kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwezintoiimveliso zokuphosa i-aluminiyam. Ukwahlukahlukana kwiipropati zoomatshini, kugxininiswe ngokusasazwa kwe-Weibull, kugxininisa lo mba. Uyilo oluchanekileyo lwei-aluminium die casting moldiqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwezinto kwaye inciphisa isiphithiphithi ngexeshainkqubo yokuphosa i-aluminium die, ebaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni iziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo ukusukaaluminiyam die abavelisi bephosa.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• Uyilo oluhle lokungundainceda imathiriyeli ukuhamba kakuhle. Oku kunqanda isiphithiphithi kwaye kugcina irhasi ingabambeki, nto leyo ethoba i-porosity.
• Iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokukhupha umoyavumela iigesi ezivalelekileyo zibaleke. Oku kwenza i-aluminium die castings ibengcono kumgangatho.
• Ukulawula isantya sokupholisa kunceda isinyithi siqine ngokulinganayo. Oku kunciphisa i-porosity ye-shrinkage kwaye yenza ukuphosa komelele.

Ukuqonda i-Porosity kwi-Aluminium Die Casting

Yintoni i-porosity?

I-Porosity ibhekiselele kubukho bemingxuma emincinci, i-voids, okanye iintanda ngaphakathi kwee-aluminiyam eziqinileyo. Ezi ziphene zinokwahluka ngobukhulu, ukusuka kwi-microscopic pores ukuya kwi-voids enkulu, kwaye ayinakuhlala ibonakala phezu komhlaba. I-Porosity idla ngokubumba ngexesha lei-aluminium die castinginkqubo ngenxa yeegesi ezivalelekileyo okanye ukupholisa okungalinganiyo. Yehlisa isidima solwakhiwo lwenxalenye kwaye inokukhokelela kwimiba efana ne-corrosion, ukuvuza, okanye ukusilela komatshini.

Iinjineli zilinganisa i-porosity zisebenzisa iiparamitha ezininzi:

• Inani lee pores: Inani lilonke leepores ngaphakathi komthamo othile.
• Ubungakanani obukhulu obuvunyelweyo: Obona bukhulu buvumelekileyo kwi pore nganye.
• Ipesenti yomthamo opheleleyo: Ipesenteji yomthamo wenxalenye obolileyo.

Iintlobo ze-porosity kwi-aluminium die casting

I-Porosity kwi-aluminium die casting ingahlelwa kwiindidi ezintathu eziphambili:

• I-Porosity yeemfama: Olu hlobo luqala kumphezulu kwaye luphele ngaphakathi komzimba wokuphosa. Idla ngokukhokelela ekudlekeni ekuhambeni kwexesha.
• Ngokusebenzisa i-Porosity: Ukwandisa ukusuka kwelinye icala lokusa ukuya kwelinye, olu hlobo ludala indlela evuzayo kwaye lubeka esichengeni isidima sesakhiwo senxalenye.
• I-Porosity evalelwe ngokupheleleyo: Iqulethwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kokuphosa, olu hlobo luhlala lufihliwe de luvezwe ngexesha lomatshini.

Izizathu ze-porosity ziquka ukuvalelwa kwegesi ngexesha lokuqina kunye nokunciphisa ngenxa yokupholisa okungalinganiyo. Ukungangeni moya kakubi, ukuthambisa okugqithisileyo, kunye neziphene zoyilo zidla ngokuba negalelo kule miba.

Iziphumo ze-porosity kumgangatho wokuphosa kunye nokusebenza

I-Porosity ichaphazela kakhulu umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwee-aluminium die castings. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu e-porosity anciphisa isantya sokusasazwa kwamaza e-ultrasonic, ebonisa amandla ezinto ezibuthathaka. I-X-ray imaging iqinisekisa ezi ziphumo, igxininisa ukuhambelana phakathi kwe-porosity kunye nokunciphisaumgangatho wokuphosa.

Ukongeza, i-porosity ichaphazela ukuqina kwe-aluminium die cast parts. Umzekelo, ukunyuka kwesantya sokugalela ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphosa kunokunciphisa i-porosity ukuya kuthi ga kwi-98.7%, ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela. Abavelisi kufuneka bajongane ne-porosity ukuqinisekisa ukuba amacandelo athembekileyo kunye nexesha elide.

Indlela i-Mold Design ithintela ngayo i-Porosity

Impembelelo yoyilo lokungunda ekuhambeni kwezinto kunye nokuqina

Uyilo lokungundaIchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo indlela ebaleka ngayo ialuminiyam etyhidiweyo kwaye iqine ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphosa. Iimbumba ezilungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo ziqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwezinto, ukunciphisa i-turbulence kunye nokuthintela ukuvalelwa komoya. Oku kunciphisa ukubunjwa kwe-porosity yegesi. Ukongeza, ijometri yokungunda ephuculweyo ikhuthaza ukuqina okufanayo, okukunceda ukuphepha ukushwabana kwe-porosity okubangelwa kukupholisa okungalinganiyo.

Uphando lugxininisa ukubaluleka koyilo lokungunda ekuphuculeni ukuhamba kwezinto. Umzekelo, uphononongo lubonisa ukuba izinto ezinje ngokugquma kunye nobushushu obuthululwayo buchaphazela kakhulu ubumanzi. Itheyibhile engezantsi ishwankathela okufunyenweyo kwimifuniselo eyahlukeneyo:

Iziphumo zokulinganisa okuqukuqelayo zikwabonisa ukuba uyilo lokungunda luphembelela njani ukuqina kwezinto. Umzekelo, imifuniselo yex-reyi yexesha lokwenyani ityhila indlela ialuminiyam enyibilikisiweyo igcwalisa ngayo ukungunda ngokuqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ezi zifaniso zibonisa ukubaluleka kokuhamba kwe-laminar ukunciphisa isiphithiphithi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuqina okuhambelanayo.

Ukubaluleka kokukhupha umoya kunye nokukhupha umoya

Iinkqubo zokukhupha umoyadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni i-porosity kwi-aluminium die casting. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphosa, umoya ovalelweyo kunye neegesi zingenza i-voids ngaphakathi kwempahla. Imijelo yokungenisa umoya efanelekileyo ivumela ezi gesi ukuba zibaleke, ziqinisekisa ukuphosa okungenasiphako.

Ukungenisa umoya okusebenzayo kufuna ukubekwa ngononophelo kweendlela zokukhokela umoya uphume kumgodi wokungunda. Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya eziyilwe kakubi zinokukhokelela kwi-porosity yerhasi, ebeka esichengeni isidima sesakhiwo semveliso yokugqibela. Abavelisi kufuneka babeke phambili ukukhupha umoya ngexesha loyilo lokungunda ukufikelela kwiziphumo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Indima yokulawula izinga lokupholisa ekunciphiseni ukushwabana kwe-porosity

Ulawulo lwezinga lokupholisa lubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukushwabana kwe-porosity kwi-aluminium die casting. Amazinga okupholisa ngokukhawuleza akhuthaza ukuqiniswa okufanayo, ukunciphisa amathuba okuba i-voids yenze ngenxa yokushwabana okungalinganiyo. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba ukukhulisa amazinga okupholisa kunokunciphisa kakhulu i-micro-shrinkage porosity.

• Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kumda we-ingot kubangela iipores ezincinci kunye ezincinci ezincinci xa kuthelekiswa neziko.
• Uphononongo lwesifundo kwi-high-density polyethylene (HDPE) lubonise ukuba ukulungelelanisa amazinga okupholisa kunye noyilo lokungunda lunciphise i-micro-voids, ekhokelela ekunyamezelweni okungqongqo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho.

Ngokubandakanya iinkqubo zokulawula ukushisa kuyilo lokubumba, abavelisi banokulawula amazinga okupholisa ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuqina okuhambelanayo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-shrinkage porosity.

Imigaqo ephambili yoyilo lokungunda lokuNciphisa iPorosity

Indawo yokungena echanekileyo kunye noyilo lwenkqubo yembaleki

I-gating eyilwe kakuhle kunye nenkqubo yokubaleka iqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwezinto ngexesha lokuphosa i-aluminium. Ukuhamba ngokufanelekileyo kunciphisa i-turbulence, okunciphisa ukuvalelwa kwegesi kunye ne-porosity. Iiparamitha eziphambili ezifana nesantya sokuhamba, ubushushu obuthululwayo, kunye nobungakanani bembaleki zichaphazela kakhulu ukuncipha kwe-porosity. Le theyibhile ingezantsi iqaqambisa iziphumo zazo:

Ngokwandisa ezi parameters, abavelisi banokufikelela kwi-casting-free castings kunye nemfezeko yolwakhiwo oluphuculweyo.

Ukudityaniswa kwejelo lokungenisa umoya olusebenzayo

Imijelo yokukhupha umoya idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvumeleni iigesi ezivalelekileyo ukuba ziphume kumgodi wokungunda. Ngaphandle kokungena ngokufanelekileyo, iigesi zinokwenza i-voids, ekhokelela kwi-porosity.Ukungenisa umoya okusebenzayoinciphisa isiphithiphithi kwaye iqinisekise inkqubo yokuphosa egudileyo. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ibonisa impembelelo yoyilo lokungenisa umoya kwiziphumo zokusa:

Ukubekwa ngobuchule kweetshaneli zokungenisa umoya kuqinisekisa udidi oluphezulu lwe-aluminiyam yokuphosa ukufa kunye neziphene ezimbalwa.

Ulawulo lobushushu bokulawula amazinga okupholisa

Ukulawula amazinga okupholisa kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukushwabana kwe-porosity. Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kukhuthaza ukuqina okufanayo, ukuthintela i-voids ebangelwa ukushwabana okungalinganiyo. Ukubandakanya iinkqubo zokulawula i-thermal kuyilo lokubumba kuqinisekisa ukupholisa okuhambelanayo kuyo yonke i-casting. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kwimiphetho ye-castings kunciphisa i-micro-shrinkage pores xa kuthelekiswa neziko. Abavelisi banokufikelela kunyamezelo olungqongqo kunye nomgangatho ophuculweyo ngokunyusa amazinga okupholisa.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwezinto ezifanayo

Ukuhamba kwezinto ezifanayo kubalulekile ekunciphiseni i-porosity kwi-aluminium die casting. Ukuhamba ngokungalinganiyo kunokudala isiphithiphithi, okukhokelela ekubanjweni kwerhasi kunye neziphene. Iziphumo zovavanyo zityhila ukuba izinto ezinje ngoxinzelelo lweplunger kunye nobushushu bealuminiyam yolwelo zinempembelelo kakhulu kwi-porosity. Imigqaliselo ephambili ibandakanya:

• Iicastings ezicudisayo zibonisa amanqanaba e-porosity amancinci ngokuphindwe kabini kunomxhuzulane wokujula.
• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngexesha lokuqiniswa kwandisa ubuninzi beenkozo, ukunciphisa i-porosity.
• Ukucinezela kunciphisa i-porosity ye-shrinkage kwindawo esembindini yokuphosa.

Ngokuqinisekisa ukuhamba okufanayo, abavelisi banokuvelisa i-castings kunye nomgangatho ohambelanayo kunye nokuqina.

Iingcebiso eziSebenzayo zokuLungisa uYilo lokungunda

Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulinganisa eziphambili kuyilo lokungunda

Izixhobo zokulinganisa eziphezuludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni uyilo lokungunda lokusalwa kwealuminiyam. Ezi zixhobo zivumela abavelisi ukuba baqikelele kwaye bajongane neziphene ezinokubakho ngaphambi kokuba imveliso iqale. Ngokulinganisa ukuhamba kwezinto, ukuqina, kunye namazinga okupholisa, iinjineli zinokuchonga iindawo ezithambekele kwi-porosity kwaye zenze uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko.

• I-App ye-Simulation yenza uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lwezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa, ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yokuphucula.
• Isoftware ephucukileyo inciphisa iziphene kwiinkqubo zokuphosa, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho.
• Imodeli eqikelelwayo edityaniswe nohlalutyo olupheleleyo lulungisa iziphene zokuphosa.
• Izifundo zophando ziqaqambisa ukusetyenziswa kokulinganisa ekuphuculeni uyilo lwesondlo, ukunciphisa iziphene zokucutheka.

Izixhobo zokulinganisa aziphuculi kuphela ukuthembeka kwenkqubo kodwa zinciphisa iindleko zemveliso ngokunciphisa iindlela zokulinga kunye neempazamo.

Gcina kwaye uhlolisise ukubumba rhoqo

Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-molds kubalulekile ekunciphiseni i-porosity kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho wokuphosa ohambelanayo. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunceda ukuchonga ukuguga, ukonakala, okanye ukuvaleka kwiitshaneli zokukhupha umoya ezinokukhokelela kwiziphene.

Ngokuphumeza ishedyuli yokulondolozwa rhoqo, abavelisi banokuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokuqina kweengxenye ze-aluminium die cast.

Sebenzisana nabayili bomngundo abanamava

Abayili bomngundo abanamava bazisa ubuchule obuxabisekileyo etafileni. Ulwazi lwabo ngokuziphatha kwezinto eziphathekayo, iinkqubo zokukhupha umoya, kunye nolawulo lwezinga lokupholisa luqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokungunda. Ukusebenzisana neengcali ezinezakhono kunceda abavelisi bajongane nemingeni enzima, njengokunciphisa i-porosity kunye nokuphumeza ukuhamba kwezinto ezifanayo. Olu bambiswano luhlala lukhokelela kwizisombululo ezitsha kunye nokusaswa komgangatho ophezulu.

Vavanya kwaye usulungekise uyilo ngokusebenzisa iprototyping

Iprototyping ivumela abavelisi ukuba bavavanye uyilo lokungunda phantsi kweemeko zehlabathi lokwenyani. Ngokuhlalutya ukusebenza kweeprototypes, iinjineli zinokuchonga kwaye zisombulule imiba ngaphambi kokuveliswa ngokupheleleyo.

• Iprototyping inciphisa amaxesha omjikelezo kunye neendleko eziluncedo.
• Iimetriki zamandla ziyaphucuka, zibonisa ukusebenza ngcono komngundo.
• Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-stem inlet ephuculweyo kunye nokunciphisa umthamo wesifuba negalelo ekunciphiseni i-porosity.

Uvavanyo kunye nokusulungekiswa koyilo ngokusebenzisa iprototyping kuqinisekisa ukuba ukungunda kokugqibela kuzisa iziphumo ezihambelanayo kwaye kuhambelana nemigangatho yomgangatho.

Lawula iiparamitha zokutofa ukunciphisa isiphithiphithi

Iiparamitha zokutofa, ezinje ngoxinzelelo, isantya, kunye nobushushu, zichaphazela kakhulu ukuhamba kwezinto ngexesha lokufa kwe-aluminium. Ukulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo kwezi parameters kunciphisa i-turbulence, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wegesi entrapment kunye ne-porosity. Ngokomzekelo, ukugcinwa kwesantya se-injection ezinzileyo kuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwe-laminar, ngelixa izicwangciso zokushisa ezifanelekileyo zithintela ukuqina kwangaphambili. Abavelisi kufuneka babeke iliso kwaye bahlengahlengise ezi parameters ukuphumeza ukusasazwa okungenasiphako.

Khetha izixhobo zokufa ezisemgangathweni kunye ne-alloys

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokufa kunye ne-alloys kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho we-aluminium die cast parts. I-alloys ezicocekileyo eziphakamileyo zinciphisa ukubunjwa kwegesi, ngelixa izinto zokufa ezihlala zihlala zixhathisa ukusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kokukhubazeka.

Ukukhetha izixhobo eziphezulu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuphosa kwaye kunciphisa amathuba okuba neziphene.

Sebenzisa i-ejenti yokucoca kunye ne-degassing ukunciphisa umxholo wegesi

Ii-agent zokucokisa kunye ne-degassing zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni umxholo wegesi kwi-aluminium etyhidiweyo. Ezi arhente zisusa ukungcola, amaqamza, kunye neeoksidi kumphezulu we-liquid, ukuthintela igesi ukuba iphinde ingene kwi-casting.

• Umgangatho ophezulu wokucoca kunye nee-agent ezikhupha igesi zinciphisa kakhulu umxholo wegesi.
• Ukususwa kwangethuba kwe-scum kunye namaqamza kuqinisekisa inkqubo yokuphosa ecocekileyo.
• Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwezi arhente kwandisa imfezeko yolwakhiwo lwamalungu e-aluminium die cast.

Ukubandakanya ukucocwa kunye ne-ejenti yokukhupha i-degassing kwinkqubo yemveliso kubangela ukuphosa kunye neziphene ezimbalwa kunye nokuphucula ukuqina.

I-Porosity icela umngeni kwi-aluminium die cast, kodwa uyilo olufanelekileyo lokungunda lubonelela ngezisombululo ezisebenzayo. Ubuchwephesha obufana netshaneli zokupholisa ezisemthethweni kunye ne-high-vacuum die casting (HVDC) zinciphisa ngokubonakalayo i-porosity.

Ukubambelela kule migaqo kuqinisekisa ukuhlala ixesha elide, ukuphosa okusemgangathweni ophezulu.

FAQ

Yintoni ebangela i-porosity kwi-aluminium die casting?

I-Porosity yenzeka ngenxa yeegesi ezivalelekileyo, ukupholisa okungalinganiyo, okanye ukushwabana ngexesha lokuqina. Uyilo lokungunda olulambathayo kunye nokungangeni moya ngokwaneleyo kudla ngokuba negalelo kulo mba.

Uyilo lokungunda luphucula njani umgangatho wokujula?

Uyilo olufanelekileyo lokungunda luqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwezinto, kunciphisa isiphithiphithi, kunye nokukhuthaza ukupholisa okufanayo. Ezi zinto zinciphisa i-porosity kwaye ziphucula imfezeko yolwakhiwo lwamalungu ecast.

Kutheni ukukhupha umoya kubalulekile kuyilo lokungunda?

Ukungenisa umoya kuvumela umoya ovalelweyo kunye neegesi ukuba zibaleke ngexesha lokuphosa. Oku kuthintela igesi porosity, ukuqinisekisa-free-free kunye nomgangatho ophezulu aluminiyam die castings.

Ngu:haihong
email：daphne@haihongxintang.com
email：haihong@haihongxintang.com
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